chore(workspace): Rust-воркспейс + скелет shturman-common

- workspace (resolver 2; members растут по планам)
- rust-toolchain 1.96.0; tracing-journald cfg-gated на Linux (кросс-платформенность)
- shturman-common: модули-скелеты paths/atomic/clock/log

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+[workspace]
+resolver = "2"
+# Члены растут по планам реализации. crates/core, crates/apps, crates/tools —
+# группировка привилегированного ядра / first-party-апов / dev-инструментов (architecture §3).
+members = ["crates/shturman-common"]
+
+[workspace.package]
+edition = "2021"
+license = "MIT"
+rust-version = "1.96"
+
+[workspace.dependencies]
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "signal", "sync", "time"] }
+zbus = "4"
+serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1"
+serde_yaml = "0.9"
+tracing = "0.1"
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["env-filter"] }
+tracing-journald = "0.3"
+anyhow = "1"
+thiserror = "1"
+clap = { version = "4", features = ["derive"] }
+# dev
+tempfile = "3"
+# slint — добавляется в Плане 4 (вместе с slint GPL-3.0 exception в deny.toml)